The Court of Appeal for Ontario in Jones v Tsige has by unanimous decision found there is a cause of action for the invasion of personal privacy .
FACTS
Jones and Tsige worked at different branches of the Bank of Montreal (“BMO”). Jones maintained her primary bank account there. While Jones and Tsige did not know or work with each other Tsige was involved in a relationship with Jones’ former husband. For about four years, Tsige used her workplace computer to access Jones’ personal BMO bank accounts at least 174 times. The information displayed included transactions details, as well as personal information such as date of birth, marital status and address. Jones became suspicious that Tsige was accessing her account and complained to BMO. When confronted by BMO, Tsige admitted that she had looked at Jones’ banking information, that she had no legitimate reason for viewing the information and that she understood it was contrary to BMO’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and her professional responsibility. Tsige explained then and maintained that she was involved in a financial dispute with Jone ’s former husband and accessed the accounts to confirm whether he was paying child support. Jones does not accept that explanation, saying it is inconsistent with the timing and frequency of Tsige’s enquiries ([4] – [5]).
Jones alleged that her privacy interest in her confidential banking information has been “irreversibly destroyed” and claims damages of $70,000 for invasion of privacy and breach of fiduciary duty, and punitive and exemplary damages of $20,000.
Jones moved for summary judgment and Tsige brought a cross-motion for summary judgment to dismiss the action [8]. On application the judge found that Tsige did not owe Jones a fiduciary obligation and dismissed that claim [9] and, inter alia, that given the existence of privacy legislation protecting certain rights, any expansion of those rights should be dealt with by statute rather than common law (see [12] – [13]).
DECISION
At [15] – [18] the Court considered the genesis of the tort of privacy, in particular the articles of S.D. Warren & L.D. Brandeis, “The Right to Privacy” (1890) 4 Harv. L. R. 193 and William L. Prosser, “Privacy” (1960), 48 Cal. L. R. 383. The four-tort catalogue set out by Prosser was:
1. Intrusion upon the plaintiff’s seclusion or solitude, or into his private affairs.
2. Public disclosure of embarrassing private facts about the plaintiff.
3. Publicity which places the plaintiff in a false light in the public eye.
4. Appropriation, for the defendant’s advantage, of the plaintiff’s name or likeness.
This classification has been adopted by Read the rest of this entry »